By: Ben Waters, PhD

Most people rely on caffeine to help overcome the morning grogginess or the afternoon energy dip, and humanoid robots face a similar challenge with energy limitations. With current operational runtimes averaging only 2-4 hours before needing a recharge, these robots encounter significant limitations. To perform continuous and repetitive tasks reliably, they require a solution that enables longer operational hours without frequent recharging. Simply adding a larger battery is impractical, as these machines already weigh approximately 150 pounds, and added weight would only increase their energy demand. Thus, an efficient, adaptable charging solution is essential.

There are three primary approaches to address this issue. The first, plug-in charging, involves connecting the robot to a standard power outlet. This method, while straightforward, requires human intervention, introducing potential delays and risks of human error, such as forgetting to plug the robot in or not tracking charge cycles. This also places unnecessary strain on the battery, potentially shortening its lifespan and resulting in more frequent replacements. As a result, plug-in charging is gradually being phased out in advanced humanoid robot applications.

The second option, contact-based charging platforms, offers a more autonomous approach. Robots can dock themselves forcharging without human involvement. However, these platforms come with maintenance demands, as they rely on exposedconductive points that require regular cleaning to ensure a stable connection. Misalignment issues can also prevent proper charging, often leaving robots inactive until they can be correctly repositioned. Dust, dirt, and other debris can further disrupt the process, necessitating frequent maintenance to retain effectiveness.

The third approach, inductive wireless charging, eliminates physical connectors by using induction coils to generate power. This method can be integrated directly into automated workflows, making it a more convenient solution. However, challenges remain, such as the risk of foreign objects near the coils heating up, which can pose safety hazards. Additionally, precise alignment is often necessary for effective charging, which can be challenging in dynamic environments.

Among these solutions, resonant wireless charging presents an advanced alternative. WiBotic’s charging technology, for example, operates at 6.78 MHz with dynamic tuning, enabling a reliable charge even when robots are not perfectly aligned with the charging coil. This approach reduces the need for human oversight and maintenance while eliminating risks associated with foreign object heating. WiBotic’s system is designed for durability, making it suitable for various settings, including indoor, outdoor, and even outer space applications. By enhancing battery life and improving operational efficiency, resonant charging maximizes the return on investment from each robot.

Ultimately, the ideal charging method depends on the specific needs of the application. For tasks requiring limited mobility, plug-in charging may suffice. However, for applications where continuous operation is crucial, resonant wireless charging provides a robust, efficient solution that minimizes downtime and maintenance needs. WiBotic’s technology offers the capability to extend a 2-4 hour runtime to near-continuous operation, supporting productivity and efficiency across diverse applications.

Ben Waters, CEO and Co-founder of WiBotic, leads a team of engineers, designers, and business developers focused on powering autonomous robots. He holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of Washington and a bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering and Physics from Columbia and Occidental.